East Kalimantan Province
The Capital City of East
Kalimantan Province is “Samarinda”
East
Kalimantan is the widest province in Indonesia, broadly region is about
245237,80 Km2 or about one a half point of Java Island and Madura or 11 % from
Indonesia region wide total. This province abuts on direct with neighboring
state, that is Sabah and Serawak, East Malaysia This is the most edvanced
province of the island from the point of view of Tour Adventure development as well as industrially as a
major producer of oil and timber. It is population numbers less than three
million, with density fugure of seven people per square kilometer, among the
lowest of Indonesia.More than 80 percent of the area or more than 17 million
hectares, is covered by forest. This is where the “Black Orchid” and many other
orchid varieties grow within the sheltered confines of nature reserves.
The
Banjar and Kutai make up the majority of the coastel population, living in the
towns and cities. The Dayak tribe peoples form the overwhelming majority of the
population of the hinterland, living in long houses called “Umaq Daru”. It is
usual for one whole extended family or even one clan to accupy one long house.
Each family is given a separate compartment with the cheaf of the clan occupying
the central chamber. Guardian statues are normally places in front of the long
house to protect it against evil spirits who bring diseases and bad
fortunes.The Dayaks are also known for their artisty, making beautiful cloths
and ornaments for their traditional houses. The Tunjung Dayaks still make a
kind of cloth called “Doyo”, which is woven from certain plant fibers and was
used in the past in rituals but are now often offered for sale to visitors.
East
Kalimantan (Indonesian: Kalimantan Timur abbrv.Kaltim) is the second largest
Indonesian province, located on the Kalimantan region on the east of Borneo
island. The resource-rich province has two major cities, Samarinda (the capital
and a center for timber product) and Balikpapan (a petroleum center with oil
refinery). Ever since Indonesia opened its mineral and natural resources for
foreign investment in 1970s, East Kalimantan province has experienced major
boost of timber, petroleum and other exotic forest products. The state-owned
petroleum company Pertamina has been operated in the area since it took control
oil refinery from the Royal Dutch Shell company in 1965.The population is a
mixture of people from the Indonesian archipelago with Dayaks and Kutai as
indigenous ethnic groups living in rural areas. Prominent other migrant ethnic
groups include Javanese, Chinese, Banjarese, Bugis and Malays, of which
mostlylive in coastal areas.
A major
producer of oil and timber, East Kalimantan is at present the most industrially
advanced province of the island. Its population numbers less than two million,
and the density figure of seven people per kilometer is among the lowest of
Indonesia, although relatively high for Kalimantan. More than 80 percent of the
area, or over 17 million hectares is covered by forest. This is where the
"Black Orchid" and many other orchid varieties grow within the
sheltered confines of nature reserves. The Banjarese and Kutainese are mostly
the coastal population, living in towns and cities. The Dayak peoples form the
overwhelming majority of the population of the hinterland, who live in
long-houses called umaq daru. It is customary for one whole extended family or
even one clan to occupy one long- house. Each family is given a separate
compartment with the chief of the clan occupying the central chamber. Guardian
statues are normally placed in front of the long house to protect it against
evil spirits who bring disease and bad fortune. Such long-houses, however, are
gradually disappearing and many have been converted into meeting halls or
stages for dance and music performances. The Dayaks are also known for their
artistry, making beautiful cloths and ornaments for their traditional houses.
The Tunjung Dayaks still make a kind of cloth called doyo, which is woven from
certain plant fibers, used in the past in rituals. But now they are offered for
sale to visitors. Oil and natural gas are found along the entire east coast,
with refineries centered at Balikpapan and Bontang.
Oil and
natural gas are found along the entire east coast, with refineries centered at
Balikpapan and Bontang.
History
East
Kalimantan is the biggest province in Kalimantan Island cover region with a
width of 245237 Km2 with number of populations more than two millions men. East
Kalimantan is the richest of natural sources area in Kalimantan. This region is
rich of oil,coal, gold, wood and natural gas. The most of Natural Resources of
East Kalimantan, have exported and give high contribution for the nation
income. Based on history note, the eldest Kingdom of Hindu in Indonesia is
reside in this area. This conclusion based on note of inscription that being
found in 'Lembah Wahau',in north of Tenggarong that coming from 5 century. This
eldest Empire of Hindu had mentioned that has done contact with India and
Sriwijaya Kingdom. The substitution of this Hindu Empire is Sultanate Kutai
that emerging at third century with its capital of in Tenggarong. Kutai then
become the center commerce of Denting in this region and Tenggarong become the
biggest and busier town in East Kalimantan, finally shifted by Samarinda and
Balikpapan at 20 century. Kalimantan was known as one of main oil producer area
in Indonesia. The exploitation of Oilfield in this area have been done since
1897 started from delta area Mahakam River, while distillation area of oil is
focused in Balikpapan.
In
1913,the oil production in East Kalimantan can yield half Indonesia's
production oil (when below Dutch power) and Balikpapan reach it's glorious from
the abundance of oil production in this Mahakam River area. Mahakam River is
busy river with crowded river traffic. Mahakam River has become the main
roadway in East Kalimantan. Various vehicles of downstream river go upstream in
this river. From navigable Samarinda, Mahakam River towards finite upstream of
523 Km passes various towns and villages, which located in this great river
periphery. Public around river build their house above pillars so that remain
to be safe although river water bubble up when it rains.
Administrative
Based on the government
region, this province is divided into 4 municipal administrations, and 9
regencies and 122 Districts, 1347 villages and 191 sub-districts. East
Kalimantan Province has 13 Regencies and Cities :
1. Berau Regency, 2. Bulungan Regency, 3. Kutai West
Regency, 4. Kutai Kartanegara Regency, 5. Kutai East Regency, 6. Malinau
Regency, 7. Nunukan Regency, 8. Pasir Regency, 9. North Penajam Paser Regency,
10. Balikpapan City, 11. Bontang City, 12. Samarinda City, 13. Tarakan City.
Traditional Costumes
Costume are worn by Dayak Modangnese
consist of Baju Bisunung (shirt) and Celana Abet (short pants).As an
accessories these costume be complemented by shield for combat and Mandau
(traditional knife) which are both used as a traditional weapon to oppose the
enemy.The other accessories are head covers made of plaited rattan (Beluko),
and Uleng.The men usually wear a necklace made of small stone and tiger's
teeth. The women wear Sapai
(shirt) and Ta'ah (long skirt).Enggang's feather to be created for decoration
of Tapung (head tie) that it show's prestige and human dignity.As a jewerly was
used very unique necklace and bracelets.
Samarinda
Samarinda
is known for it’s fine sarong cloths. The capital of East Kalimantan shows all
the signs of being the capital of a prosperous province. New goverenment
offices and public utilities are rising everywhere. Samarinda has a number of
modest but comfortable hotels.
Balikpapan
Balikpapan,
the center of Kalimantan’s oil industry, is also the gateway to Last Kalimantan
with air and sea connections to Jakarta and other major points in Indonesia.
Even the trip to the provincial capital, Samarinda, begins in Balikpapan. In
accordance with it’s importance, Balikpapan has a number of good hotels,
including one of international standard, as well as recreation facilities.
Tenggarong
In
Tenggarong, we could visit the former palace of Sultan Kutai, including his
impresive collection of heirlooms in the Museum, the Royal Cemetery and the
lokal market. Tenggarong up the Mahakam river from Samarinda, is the capital of
the Kutai regency and was onnce the east of the Kutai Sultanate. The Sultan’s
Palace at the river side is now a museum where the old royal paraphernalia are
kept, as well as an escellent collection of antique Chinese ceramics. Dayak
statues could be admired in the yard. Every 24th of September, the
former palace becomes a stage of dance and music performances given to
celebrate the town anniversery.
Bontang City
Bontang
City is one of town that resides in coastal area in East Kalimantan. One of tourism
object in Bontang is Beras Basah Island, which located in offshore of Bontang
city, abbout 7 sea miles or 25-35 minutes using speedboat. This island have
beautiful panorama, the white sand that outspread along the beach with the
beautiful wave, hardly suited for water sport activity like jet propulsion sky
and as fluent as wind. Oturism object of Gosong Island is located in north side
of Bontang city and is compatible place for they who like to fishing. This
island is about 7 sea miles in north side of Bontang, can be gone through using
speedboat during 20 minutes. Rent boat to this island can be met in Loktuan,
Tanjung Limau and Bontang Kuala port. Resident in Bontang Kuala builds their
house above seas. Here there are a number of booths presenting sea dish
especially burning fish. Bontang Kuala is place that is good for tourists, who
wish to eat fish and enjoy sea panorama.
Tarakan Regency
Tarakan
is island town, which located near with Sabah, Malaysia frontier. According to
history, Tarakan have ever become location of venomous encounter at Second
World War between Japan armies and Australian army. 235 Australian armies died
at the encounter. Some houses in Tarakan still having stripper cannon rest of
world war that put down in house yard as supply of garden and lawn. In Tarakan
there is Australian army cenotaph in location, which is become a military
complex. This cenotaph is built in memory of coping to die Australian army to
free Tarakan from Japan occupying. In other location there is Japan grave
residing in ex Japan bunker in hilly area. This tourism object in Tarakan for
example Amal Beach is a parting 11 Km from the downtown. This beach has coconut
panorama to wave with beautiful panorama. About 4 Km from the downtown, in
Masjid Markoni Street Gang III there is 'Tugu Perabuan Jepang' that built in
1933. This monument is square equipped with article Kanji and is place of
obsequies the dying Japanese corpse.
Nunukan Regency
Nunukan
Regency is the capital of Nunukan Regency. This area about Neighboring with
Malaysia State that is Tawau city. Nunukan city is a real strategic town as the
gateway of East Kalimantan upstate, so that the facilities and basic facilities
for foreign tourist need improving although in Nunukan city there is Hotel,
Restaurant and hotspot. Tourism object such as; Batu Lumapu tourism, resides in
Sebatik island where there is extent of wide coast when low tide and it is said
there is a stone arising called Batu Lumapu. This location is against Nunukan
Island.
The objects of interests are
Tanah Merah
Waterfall, Melak
& Kersik Luay, Tanjung Isuy, Kutai National Park, Crocodile Teritip Breeding, Samarinda
Sarong, etc.
Transportation
East
Kalimantan’s main gateway is not the capital Samarinda, but oil city of
Balikpapan to it’s south. Daily air services link Balikpapan with Jakarta,
Banjarmasin in Central Kalimantan, Ujung Pandang and Surabaya. For trips into
the Dayak hinterland, first take the bus or car to Samarinda, the continue from
Samarinda by boat upstream along the Mahakam river. For the local people, the
rivers are the main traffic arteries.
Sumber Investigasi:
F. I.
Fatrick & www.guidingtoindonesia.blogspot.com
